Which part of the shoe is referred to as the form on which the shoe is built?

The correct response is the last, which is a vital component in the shoe construction process. The last serves as the mold or form upon which various parts of the shoe are assembled. It defines the shoe's shape, size, and fit, making it crucial for the overall design and performance. Understanding the anatomy of a shoe is essential for those in athletic training and footwear design, as the characteristics of the last can influence comfort, support, and injury prevention.

The shank, heel counter, and shoe upper each play important roles in shoe structure and function but do not serve as the foundational form for construction. The shank provides support and stability between the heel and toe areas, while the heel counter helps maintain the shape of the heel and prevents excessive movement. The shoe upper is the portion that covers the top of the foot, contributing to style and fit but is not the foundational mold from which the shoe is constructed. Understanding these distinctions can help in selecting appropriate footwear tailored for athletic performance.