What is the primary purpose of a capitation system used by HMOs?

The primary purpose of a capitation system used by Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) is to limit reimbursement for services to a fixed amount per member. In a capitation model, healthcare providers are paid a set fee for each enrolled member assigned to them, regardless of the amount of care that member requires within a specified time period. This payment structure incentivizes providers to deliver efficient and preventive care, as they are motivated to manage costs effectively while ensuring that members receive appropriate medical attention.

By capping payments, HMOs can control their overall healthcare expenses, making it easier to budget for the costs associated with the care of their members. This system encourages healthcare providers to focus on preventative care and cost-effective treatment options, as they are financially responsible for managing the care of their patient population within the fixed payment amount, which can help in maintaining the quality of care while controlling unnecessary expenditures.

In contrast, unlimited treatment options, advanced medical technology, or direct negotiations with providers do not capture the defining feature of a capitation system. Those aspects pertain to different healthcare models or operational strategies rather than the fundamental purpose of capitation, which is focused on fixed reimbursement per member.