What is the definition of pathology in sports medicine?

Pathology in sports medicine encompasses both structural and functional changes that occur as a result of an injury. This comprehensive definition is crucial because it recognizes that injuries don't just affect the physical structure of tissues, such as bones, tendons, and ligaments, but also lead to alterations in how these tissues function.

Structural changes may include the physical damage observable through imaging techniques, such as tears, fractures, or deformities. Functional changes, on the other hand, refer to how an injury impacts movement, strength, or overall performance. For instance, a muscle strain may not only tear muscle fibers (structural change) but also impair the muscle's ability to contract properly, affecting the athlete's performance (functional change).

Understanding pathology in this dual sense is vital for sports medicine professionals, as it informs diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies. By addressing both types of changes, practitioners can develop more effective interventions aimed at restoring not just the structure but also the functional capabilities crucial for an athlete's return to sport.