What does metaplasia refer to?

Metaplasia is a process in which one type of tissue is replaced by another type of tissue that is not typical for that particular location. This transformation often occurs in response to chronic irritation or inflammation, where the new tissue may serve a better function under adverse conditions, although it is not the normal type of tissue expected in that location. This can be a protective mechanism, but it may also predispose the area to further complications, including the potential for malignant transformation.

Understanding metaplasia is important in clinical settings because it highlights how tissues can adapt to harmful stimuli, but also points to the need for monitoring any changes that could lead to pathologies. This differs from abnormal growth, conversion to a normal form, or tissue regrowth, which represent different biological processes and not the specific mechanism of metaplasia.