What defines malignant hyperthermia?

Malignant hyperthermia is defined as a hereditary disorder that leads to a hypermetabolic response in skeletal muscle triggered by certain anesthetic agents and muscle relaxants. This condition is primarily associated with a genetic mutation that affects calcium regulation within the muscle cells. When a susceptible individual is exposed to specific triggering agents, it can result in a rapid increase in body temperature, muscle rigidity, and a significant rise in metabolic demand, leading to muscle breakdown.

The hereditary aspect is crucial because it indicates that the condition can be passed down through families, making it essential for individuals with a family history of this disorder to inform medical professionals prior to undergoing surgical procedures. The fact that it is characterized by muscle breakdown is also important, as it relates to the intense metabolic activity and potential for severe complications when exposed to the triggering agents. This distinguishes malignant hyperthermia from other conditions that may involve muscle response or breakdown but do not have the same specific triggers or hereditary implications.