What characterizes a biphasic current?

A biphasic current is characterized by the reversal of the direction of current flow once per cycle. This means that during its application, the electrical pulses first flow in one direction and then reverse, flowing in the opposite direction. This characteristic is essential in various therapeutic modalities, as it can enhance tissue healing and pain relief by effectively stimulating nerves and muscles.

The ability of a biphasic current to alternate directions can help reduce the risk of tissue accommodation that sometimes occurs with unidirectional currents. Moreover, this feature contributes to the modulation of pain through different mechanisms, such as gate control theory and endorphin release, which emphasizes the effectiveness of biphasic currents in pain management therapies.